The term "National Palace" refers to distinct, historically and culturally significant institutions in different countries, primarily Mexico and Taiwan, each with unique roles and achievements. In **Mexico**, the National Palace is the iconic seat of the federal executive branch, located on the east side of Mexico City's Zócalo. Constructed beginning in 1522 atop the palace of the Aztec emperor Moctezuma, it has served as the residence and office of Spanish Viceroys, and later Mexican presidents. The palace survived a major fire in 1692 and was rebuilt, maintaining its status through colonial, imperial, and republican regimes. It houses government offices including the Federal Treasury and National Archives, and features notable architecture such as its red tezontle façade, three main doorways, and the famous balcony where the Mexican president delivers the annual Grito de Dolores independence shout, ringing the historic bell originally from Dolores Hidalgo. As a UNESCO World Heritage site since 1987, the National Palace remains a symbol of Mexican political heritage and culture[1][3]. In **Taiwan**, the National Palace Museum is a premier cultural and technological institution that preserves nearly 700,000 masterpieces of Chinese imperial art, including calligraphy, paintings, bronzes, and ceramics. Established formally under an organizational act in 1987, it operates with a structured management system comprising multiple departments and offices dedicated to conservation, exhibitions, digital information, and public services. The museum plays a central role in cultural diplomacy and identity debates between Taiwan and mainland China. Its Southern Branch opened in 2015, expanding its reach with major exhibitions of rare Song dynasty works and other treasures. The museum emphasizes both preservation and innovative digital engagement, positioning itself at the intersection of heritage and technology[2][4][7]. Other National Palaces, such as the Ethiopian National Palace, are undergoing restoration to become museums and tourist attractions, illustrating a global trend of transforming historical seats of power into cultural landmarks wit